This rifle was prominently used in World War I, the Russian Civil War, the Winter War (with Finland) and World War II. Deliveries to Russia had amounted to 469,951 rifles when the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ended hostilities between the Central Powers and now Soviet-Russia. There is collector interest in the MosinNagant family of rifles, and they are popular with hobby shooters and hunters. The Dragoon rifles were issued with a bayonet, but the Cossacks were not. Nevertheless, the M1891 rifles continued to be employed all over the Eastern Bloc. The Model 24 or the Model 1891/24 was the first large-scale upgrade of the Mosin Nagant by the Finns, for the Civil Guard. * Details about "short" M91/30 rifles and initial bullet speed rifles, that are mentioned in the table above, will be provided in other sections. The Finns probably made the highest number of upgrades to the Mosin Nagant. The M91/30 is probably the oldest line of Mosin Nagant rifles easily available for sale today. By the end of the war, approximately 19.8 million MosinNagant rifles had been produced. Here youll learn how to differentiate one model from another. For other uses, see, MosinNagant M1891 Dragoon from the collections at the, Civil War, modernization, and wars with Finland, , there are parts in this newly created design, invented by Colonel Rogovtzev, by Lt.-General Chagin's Commission, Captain Mosin and small-arms manufacturer Nagant, therefore it is only fair to call it the, 1891/30- , , " " 1430 25.11.2003 [Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine "On the organization of civil service activities of the State Protection Service at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine" No. This M44 is in extremely good condition and comes with a bayonet attached to it. In 1924, following the victory of the Red Army, a committee was established to modernize the rifle, which had by then been in service for over three decades. Rifles from this program are valuable collectibles. However, it did not have provisions for a bayonet. M1891 rifles were still under $80, but ten years ago. Inspecting the barrel is one of the most important parts of finding a decent Mosin Nagant. It is more commonly associated with the Soviet PE, PEM and PU scopes after 1942. Most of the other countries have already liquidated their stocks of these surplus rifles. Up to 1939 it managed to produce only spare replacement parts. If she was the aggressor against a modern equipped nation, then she became an unwieldy mass that often could not get out of its own way. opinion is more likely to be accurate. From autocratic rule to farm tractors, Russians prove time and again that if it isnt broke, it doesnt need fixing.. Youve probably heard about the differences between magazines and clips,. If you dont have one in your gun safe yet, you should strongly consider it. of variations of the round receiver on M91/30s, M38s, and M44s, Not certain as there are few examples known, Very few examples are known, all dated 1961, Date is two digits following "P-" on the barrel Those problems were solved by Russian scientists and engineers (the smokeless powder, for instance, was produced by Dmitri Mendeleev himself). There were also minor modifications to the bolt, but not enough to prevent interchangeability with the earlier Model 1891 and the so-called "Cossack dragoon" rifles. Mostly Original Parts Made from Solid Wood. It also makes the rifle easy to carry and offers stability while shooting. At the start of the 20. century, it was experimenting with modernization while trying to maintain a feudalist society. The Treaty of Brest Litovsk liberated her along with many other territories in 1917. M1891 rifles were still under $80, but ten years ago. [11][clarification needed] The M91/59 is probably the most accurate rifles of the Mosin lineage. What in the world is a stripper clip? Inspiring would-be collectors to eagerly rifle through any rediscovered surplus crates or old collections looking for hex receivers or one marked Remington or Westinghouse. Notably, Russia has issued the rifle to conscripts from both occupied regions of the Donbas, and to conscripted Russian civilians as part of Vladimir Putin's wider general mobilization during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The Dragoon was only 2.5 shorter than the Infantry rifle and was the base template for the 91/30. The extra sling saves you some money and hassle of searching for an apt sling. What is impressive about the Mosin-Nagant, however, is its production numbers and its worldwide ubiquity. The M91rv was simply a Model 1891 dragoon rifle captured from the Russians, with just one modification. American and British expeditionary forces of the North Russia Campaign were armed with these rifles and sent to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk in the late summer of 1918 to prevent the large quantities of munitions delivered for Czarist forces from being captured by the Central Powers. They featured newly-manufactured barrels with parts salvaged from captured Mosin Nagant rifles from the Winter and Continuation wars. The Mosin-Nagant Model 1891/30 was modified and adapted as a sniper rifle from 1932 onwards, first with mounts and scopes from Germany then with domestic designs (PE, PEM); from 1942 it was issued with 3.5-power PU fixed focus scopes. The M28-30 (1934-40) is an advanced version of the M28. The M38 version was adopted in 1938 by the Russian army. It is a holy grail for lever gun and military enthusiasts. The front sight had a globe guard. On the bottom - M. Geltz factory logo, Podolsk mechanical factory marking (two styles) and parts with these markings. Most of the other countries have already liquidated their stocks of these surplus rifles. The information below covers only M91/30, M38 andM44 production since 1931, when M91/30 production started (in May of that year). The 1880s saw global advances in the development of martial arms. Despite their desperate need, Russian inspectors kept stalling on payments and acceptance of the American-made rifles. Manufactured from 1927-40, the M27 was the first fully-functional customized model of the M91 used by the Finnish Army. For modern collectors, the M1891 and. It has an effective range of approximately 800+ meters (with sights). The world considered Tzarist Russia one of the Great Powers largely due to its size rather than its modernity. The Mosin Nagant was primarily manufactured and used by the Russian Army. Photo courtesy of Richard Percy. All in the span of a few, perplexingly short years. But they mostly do not provide any sources or explanations about them. He began making his neighbors nervous with declarations of his nations need for breathing room. One result of this was a Russo-French alliance. For example, pre 1940 and post 1941 "Tula's" were made by completely different factories. This meant continuing a centuries-old animosity with the Turks. Known officially as the 3-line rifle M1891[citation needed] and informally in Russia and the former Soviet Union as Mosin's rifle (Russian: , ISO 9: vintovka Mosina), it is primarily found chambered for its original 7.6254mmR cartridge. In 1924 the Bolsheviks won the Russian Civil War that broke out after their 1917 withdrawal from World War I. In assembling M39 rifles, Finnish armorers re-used "hex" receivers that dated back as far as 1891. An increase in urban combat led directly to the development of the Model M44 Mosin. In total the M28/30 Rifle was produced from 1933 until 1940. It can also be used for self-defense (since it was designed for Urban Combat by the Soviets) but thats a rare example because of modern firearms. Finland was a Grand Duchy in the Russian Empire until 1917, so Finns had long used the MosinNagant in service with the Tsarist military. The rifle packs the power of the Mosin Nagant into a more compact package compared to other variants. These rifles are less common and regarded as generally more desirable by collectors. You may also visit the SCW Mosin-Nagant Database page at the Gunboards.com forum. A bore light or bore-scope can come in really handy during this process, but the naked eye is generally fine. - Ted, aka 7.62x54r, Izhevsk production may have ended prior to 1926, All NEW M91s are dated 1915, regardless of year of actual It is an absolutely perfect rifle for casual shooters and militaria collectors. It is not interchangeable with other Mosins. The rifle has matching serial numbers which are a testament to its authenticity. The vast lands of the Tsars stretch over 1/6th the worlds landmass encompassing dozens of cultures. The Finns also manufactured two-piece "finger splice" stocks for their MosinNagant rifles.[18]. Soldiers also used them through the end of WWII. It quickly followed the trend to pointed or spitzer bullets by 1908. Woe be to anyone who is found to have thus altered a Sig barreled Sako or other rarities! Here are some of the major Russian variants of this rifle. However, it uses a feed system created by Leon Nagant. The name Mosin, much less Nagant, was never associated with it within Russia where it and successive models were labeled by their model or model year suffix. Front Page for the Russian Mosin Nagant Forum website. They were not recorded in production numbers as complete rifles, and were sent to repair depotswhere they were used as needed to repair damaged rifles. The rifle measures 40 inches in length and features a side-folding bayonet with a groove for it in the right side of the stock. Manufactured in 1944 During the Peak of WWII. The inventors obliged by delivering their final designs. The rifle is in excellent condition, considering the fact that it is almost 90 years old. This effort led to the development of the Model 91/30 rifle, which was based on the design of the original dragoon version. This number dropped in the year 1899 to 600 rifles per day. The movement away from single-shot rifles also began after the fact for the many rank and file who faced off against modern repeaters. Further, the US is always no further than one administration away from stopping any new imports of surplus rifles even of US origin. Manufactured through a joint collaborative design by Capt. This M38 was intended for behind the lines support troops, but with a common cartridge and training. In its later years the rifle replaced all other variants of the Mosin-Nagant rifle. Soviet M38. Dual frontal locking lugs like the Mauser. This showed Russian commanders the need to modernize the general infantry weapon of the army. The new rifle was designated the 3 Line Rifle Model 1891. The front sight is a post that is not adjustable for elevation. This allowed infantrymen to engage targets accurately at increased ranges. A matching rifle could be all stamped matching or f orce matched. This was a sling slot based upon the German Karabiner 98a. The markings can be seen on the rifle. The Finnish army made numerous modifications to the gun and use it even today. In 1882, Russia founded a commission to find a new design as well as consider models of other nations. Go with a hex rifle if at all possible. The M44 was officially adopted in 1944. It also features an open front nose cap on the front barrel band. Youll know a really bad barrel when you see one. The Winter War had started in 1939, one year prior to production. The MosinNagant Model 1891/30 was modified and adapted as a sniper rifle from 1932 onwards, first with mounts and scopes from Germany then with domestic designs (PE, PEM); from 1942 it was issued with 3.5-power PU fixed focus scopes. The rifle is quite fun to shoot and is complete and collective in all respects for a Mosin Nagant. Planning to hit targets beyond 100 yards with your surplus rifle? Also, w. atching regional conflicts to observe how new equipment and old tactics fared in the field. observations. In 1916, the Russian government ordered approximately 3.3 million M1891 Mosin Nagant rifles from Remington Arms and New England Westinghouse in the United States. The receiver bears a mark from its manufacturer Tikkakoski. During the Russo-Ottoman War of 18771878, Russian troops armed mostly with Berdan single-shot rifles suffered heavy casualties against Turkish troops equipped with Winchester repeating rifles, particularly at the bloody Siege of Pleven. Most found Mosins machining crude and unreliable. Soon, other countries took notice as well. These rifles have a flat rear sight and a stacked front blade sight. There is also a metal sleeve in the fore-end of the hand guard to reduce barrel harmonics. production, Some assembled in 1919 from pre-war parts, Prototypes with M91/30 style rear sights were built The M44 is a compact rifle compared to the other variants in this series. The Dragoon model was for the Dragoons (mounted infantry) of the Russian Army. Izhevsk made M91/30 PU snipers in 1947 and a handful of 1946 dated infantry rifles have been reported. It appeared that Nagant was the first to apply for the international patent protection over the interrupter, although he borrowed it from Mosin's design initially. Between the adoption of the final design in 1891 and the year 1910, several variants and modifications to the existing rifles were made. Now, have slowly crept up in price and demand as everything else has become priced out of reach. rifle was assembled post war and cut down from Tikka M91s (thanks Tuco). For detailed information on the production years of variations of the round receiver on M91/30s, M38s, and M44s, please see the Mosin Nagant Rifle Receiver Variations page. The Korean War saw Chinese and North Korean forces armed with the Mosin rifles and carbines. Plus, the rifle comes complete with a sling and cleaning rod. Normally three "R"'s surrounded by crossed stalks with leaves pointing outwards are on the top of the breech. Like the Gewehr 98, the 1891 Mosin uses two front-locking lugs to lock up the action. - Free Online Library", "Current MosinNagant rifles being produced", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MosinNagant&oldid=1152623683, 500 metres (550yd), 800+ m (875+ yards) with optics, Rear: ladder, graduated from 100 m to 2,000 m (M91/30) and from 100 m to 1,000 m (M38 and M44); Front: hooded fixed post (drift adjustable) PU 3.5 and PEM scope also mounted. [citation needed]. No matter the explanation, the M1891 Mosin Nagant has proven to be remarkably resilient. Developed from 1882 to 1891, it was used by the armed forces of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and various other states. With the possible exception of the Crimean War, there had been no major long war since the Age of Napoleon. You may not make a lot of friends posting your hack-sawn Mosin online. The Mosin Nagant has weathered everything history has thrown at it and served reliably. Despite the failure of Nagant's rifle, he filed a patent suit, claiming he was entitled to the sum the winner was to receive. They first adopted the SKS, then the Kalashnikov series. Podolsk manufactured SVT-40 marking. The long barrel is apt for accuracy and the gun is quite fun to shoot. Head of the commission, General Chagin, ordered subsequent tests held under the commission's supervision, after which the bolt-action of Mosin's design was ordered into production under the name of 3-line rifle M1891 ( 1891 ). Also, watching regional conflicts to observe how new equipment and old tactics fared in the field. Shoot one and youll know why. Laying the groundwork for the increasingly inevitable wackiness unleashed at the start of the Great War in 1914. Darkly blued steel and high quality machining. Publication of this new information is expected at the end of 2020. It performed exceptionally well in these theaters and is still used in the modern day. Various weapons were acquired and tested by GAU of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Empire, and in 1889 the Lebel M1886 was obtained through semi-official channels from France. Was used since 1940. The Dragoon version was modified in 1930 to create the new M91/30 model of the Mosin Nagant. The rifle itself became a symbol of unification during the battles of Operation Barbossa with the German invasion of Russia in 1941. Similarities among rifle designs of this era are inescapable. EN. Less than 300 of these rifles exist today, making it one of the most rare, collectible firearm. Though, somewhat worthless (not worthless) for close-quarters combat. Finnish rifles are characterized by Russian, French or American-made receivers stamped with a boxed SA, as well as many other parts produced in those countries and barrels produced in Finland, Switzerland, Austria, Belgium and Germany. However, you must consider using high quality ammunition for better precision. Youve probably, The vast lands of the Tsars stretch over 1/6. It can also be used as a truck gun or a home defense weapon. The sniper duels between Russian and German troops armed with Mosins and K98 Mausers are the stuff of legends. [8] Until 1918 it was produced in two versions: a double-action version for officers, and a cheaper single-action version for the lower ranks. After the Estonian War of Independence, Estonia had around 120,000 M/1891s in stock, later the Kaitseliit, the Estonian national guard, received some Finnish M28/30 rifles, a few modernised variants were also made by the Estonian Armory; Most Finnish Rifles were assembled by SAKO, Tikkakoski Oy, or VKT (Valtion Kivritehdas, State Rifle Factory, after the wars part of Valtion Metallitehtaat (Valmet), State Metalworks). This page provides production numbers, which were discovered by A.S. Yuschenko during his research, links to archive sources were provided in the 2018 "Model 1891/1930 Rifle and its variations" book. The Mosin Nagant is one of the most mass-produced rifles in history. In some ways, the astronomical prices of Garands, Mausers, and Enfields generated an increased demand for WWII-era pieces by younger collectors. In spite of its age, it has been used in various conflicts around the world up to the present day. The rifle itself became a symbol of unification during the battles of, relic still holds both historical charm and ballistic ya-yas. The 91/30s and carbines can still be found in use on the battlefield. [49], As of 2023[update], bolt on mounts make it possible to fit a modern proprietary[50] or Picatinny/Weaver rail compatible scope to the rifle without the need to drill or tap the weapon. This model was manufactured from 1943-48 at Izhevsk and only in 1944 at the Tula arsenal. Manufactured through a joint collaborative design by Capt. If it feels like the bolt or trigger seizes up or runs into any rough spots, that rifle likely wont be a good shooter due to poor tolerances or excessive wear. The movement away from single-shot rifles also began after the fact for the many rank and file who faced off against modern repeaters. This gun is over 90 years old, and still shoots quite accurately. The Mosin bolt handle is similar to the Mannlicher: it is attached to a protrusion on the middle of the bolt body, which serves as a bolt guide, and it locks protruding out of the ejection/loading port in front of a split rear receiver ring, also serving a similar function to Mauser's "third" or "safety" lug. However, some users do complain about the cumbersome safety of the weapon. 1430 of 25 November 2003. Several Mosin variants were quickly put into production, including the standard Infantry, Dragoon, and Cossack model. With changes still being hastily adopted, the first M28/30s came off the assembly line in April of 1934. Plus, the 20-inch barrel is quite a good length for both accuracy and maneuverability. Actually, theyve taken it further. Among Western aficionados, the WWII-era sniper model garners the most interest. The hex receiver variation can be found on both M1891 and M91/30 Mosin Nagant rifle models. Year stamps are quite visible. Each model has its specific qualities and place in history. In 1939 this factory produced at least 1,000 barrels, possibly one day a rifle with such a barrel will be found. Its history in the hands of legendary snipers like Simo Hyh (credited with over 500 kills), delivered a wave of post-war replicas that flooded the market. The Russians knew the greatness of the Mosin in battle. Finland also employed the MosinNagant as a sniper rifle, with similar success with their own designs and captured Soviet rifles. Handloaded cartridges for Finnish rifles should however use a 0.308 inches (7.8mm) bullet for use with other Finnish MosinNagant variants instead of the 0.310 inches (7.9mm) one which gives best results in M39, Soviet and most of other MosinNagant rifles. Sight adjustment for windage was made by the armory before issue by drifting the sight left or right in its dovetail. Such was the case in the Russo-Ottoman War 1877-78. Apart from the above-mentioned models, the Finns experimented with some other variations of the rifle as well. After facing a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Turks in the Russo-Ottoman War, the Russians began looking for a modern, semi-auto and durable alternative for their single-shot Berdan Rifles. This led to a somewhat lackadaisical approach to widespread arms improvements by militaries. Nevertheless, when it came time to answer a public challenge to her commitment to pan Slavism, pride and arrogance took the place of pragmatic reasoning. New weapons focused upon smaller diameter projectiles and smokeless powder to achieve greater velocities. Plus, it has been pre-drilled for sling mounts and serviced really well for optimal performance. Soviet manufacturing focused on the mass production of already proven firearms. Mike has a passion for innovation and education across the industry to create great content, training, and insights from the best and brightest. Introduced earlier in 1932 with a turned-down bolt and scopes made in Germany. In addition to complete rifles, factories produced barrel and receiver assemblies. The Imperial Russians had issues in rolling with changes in the political and military landscapes. These were frequent affairs in which civilized powers went against the natives with less modern arms. Collectors find the hex models more desirable as originals.. Albeit, with a few modifications borrowed from Nagants design. At this point the decision was made to rename the existing commission and call it Commission for creation of the small-bore rifle ( ), and to put on paper the final requirements for such a rifle. A Mosin crate for today's collector. The most common employed a 3-power "PU" straight-tubed sight that was inserted into a slide mount which affixed . The M91/59 was the modification of the 91/30 and amounted to a change of size. In addition, scopes tended to reflect sunlight when moved side to side, which gave away a sniper's position.[21]. Plus, the price of the rifle offers the best value, considering it is a historic and legendary rifle. Despite the exaggerations of its greatness by the Russian propaganda machine during the war, it truly was a feared weapon by combat soldiers on the wrong side of its barrel. The Three Line Rifle, Model of 1891 (bore diameter, a 'line' equaling one tenth of an inch) is the official name. On the American market, the 1891 Mosin Nagant has gone from bargain beater to a prized mil surplus possession. This proves its dependability and durability. [53], Several American companies manufacture aftermarket rifle stocks that come inletted so a Mosin can be dropped directly into the stock without additional modification, for shooters who would prefer their ex-military rifles look more like civilian-made hunting rifles. by Gsragtop Sat Jan 04, 2014 2:05 am. Make sure to work the action and the trigger a few times on any Mosin Nagant you are considering purchasing if the seller allows it. On the M28 the barrel band is a single piece, compared to the hinged band in M27. It was not intended to use a bayonet. Winston Churchill supposedly said that Russia is a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma.. These barreled receivers and their markings are described in the section. However, in spite of the payment, Nagant attempted to use the situation for publicity, resulting in the name "MosinNagant" appearing in the Western press. A bolt handle and receiver cuts like the Manlicher. At a Glance: Our Top Picks for Mosin Nagant Models. M91 dragoon production ended in 1931. By the time the war broke out in 1904, approximately 3.8 million had been built,[15] with over 1.5 million in the hands of the Russian cavalry and all of its reserves when hostilities commenced.[13][16]. Karl-Heinz Wrobel, author of Drei Linien, Die Gewehre Mosin-Nagant; The Mosin-Nagant Rifle The MO mark is most commonly accompanied by the additional stamping of a second two digit date, from the years spanning 1942 to 1953. It was supplied together with a model of the cartridge and bullet but without the primer and the smokeless powder. Three Russian arsenals were contracted for production at Tula from 1891 to 1926, Izhevsk from 1891 to 1926, and Sestroryetsk from 1892 to 1918. 21,000 1893 79,308 33,613 16,517 128,000 1894 204,000 26,209 50,915 330,000 1895 256,000 14,210 64,500 24,000 1896 272,000 27,038 64,500 -- 1897 240,000 88,001 50,395 -- 1898 230,058 92,000 45,395 -- 1899 185,000 100,000 Definitions: Matching A rifle with all four serialed parts (barrel, bolt, floorplate, and buttplate) numbered the same. What a lot of people dont realize is how many different models of Mosin Nagant rifles there are. These rifles were based on the design of the M28-30 with slight alterations like the semi-pistol grip and the 1-inch gap of the foresight from the muzzle. The Mauser bolt handle is at the rear of the bolt body and locks behind the solid rear receiver ring. The rifle is best for hunting and practice. Plus, the bayonet does have some benefits. Bolt construction, a simplified rear sight, and a hooded post front sight instead of the blade. If you have never bought a military surplus rifle before, the process of choosing a good rifle can seem intimidating. 26 Inch Barrel and Impeccable Safety Mechanism. In essence, the M44 is an M38 with a slightly modified forearm and with a permanently mounted cruciform bayonet that folds to the right when it is not needed. This is also a good time to mention that no Mosin Nagant is going to be a tack driver. It has six "sides" but is neither hexagonal nor octagonal in normal use of those terms). The wartime Mosins are easily identified by the presence of tool marks and rough finishing that never would have passed the inspectors in peacetime. Using Russian leftovers, as well as receivers made locally by SAKO and imported from western Europe (Germany, Austria, and Switzerland). The Russians attempts to seize Istanbul (Tsarsograd) were stymied, in part, by superior firepower from the Turks. That decision was made in 1891, two years after initial trials, and the production of the new Mosin-Nagant M1891 rifles began in the following year at Tula Arsenal, Izhevsk Arsenal, and Sestroryetsk Arsenal in Russia.
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